Plateforme pour fédérer plusieurs clouds

International audienceThe cloud computing allows companies of all sizes to obtain and use a wide range of computing resources on the basis of "pay-as-you-go" anywhere on different devices (computers, smartphones, tablets) at any time.L'informatique dans les nuages (en anglais cloud computing) permet aux entreprises de toutes tailles de se procurer et d'utiliser un large éventail de ressources informatiques sur la base de " payer uniquement ce que vous consommez " de n'importe où sur différents supports (ordinateurs, smartphones, tablettes) à tout moment

Managing Elasticity Across Multiple Cloud Providers

International audienceIn the context of cloud computing, elasticity is the capacity to scale computing resources up and down easily. Currently, most Platforms as a Service manage application elasticity within a single cloud provider. However, the not so infrequent issue of cloud outage has become a concern that hinders the usability of cloud-based applications. The most promising solutions to this issue are those based on the federation of multiple clouds. In this paper, we present a Multi-Cloud-PaaS architecture. We show how this architecture can be used for managing elasticity across multiple cloud providers

Distributed Complex Event Processing Engine

National audienceDiCEPE (Distributed Complex Event Processing) is a platform that focuses on the integration of CEP engines in distributed systems, and which is capable of using various communication protocols

A Middleware Platform to Federate Complex Event Processing

International audienceDistributed systems like crisis management are subject to the dissemination of a huge volume of heterogeneous events, ranging from low level network data to high level crisis management intelligence, depending on the role of the rescue teams involved. In such systems, Complex Event Processing (CEP) has emerged as a solution to detect and react (in real-time) to complex events, which are correlations of more primitive events. Although various CEP engines implement the support for dealing with the business heterogeneity of events,the technological ntegration of these events remains uncovered. Therefore, in this paper we introduce DiCEPE (Distributed Complex Event Processing Engine), a platform which focuses on the integration of CEP engines in distributed systems. DiCEPE provides a native support for various communication protocols in order to federate CEP engines and ease the deployment of complex systems-of-systems. We illustrate our proposal using a nuclear crisis management scenario and show how DiCEPE leverages the coordination and the federation of different CEP engines

Towards Formal-based Semantic Interoperability in Multi-Clouds: The FCLOUDS Framework

International audienceMulti-cloud computing has been proposed as a way to reduce vendor lock-in, to improve resiliency during outages and geo-presence, to boost performance and to lower costs. However, semantic differences between cloud providers, as well as their heterogeneous management interfaces, make changing from one provider to another very complex and costly. This is quite challenging for the implementation of multi-cloud systems. In this paper, we aim to take advantage of formal methods to define a precise semantics for multi-clouds. We propose fclouds, a formal-based framework for semantic interoperability in multi-clouds. This framework contains a catalogue of formal models that mathematically describe cloud APIs and reason over them. A precise alignment can be described between their concepts, which promotes semantic interoperability

Model-Driven Management of Docker Containers

International audienceWith the emergence of Docker, it becomes easier to encapsulate applications and their dependencies into lightweight Linux containers and make them available to the world by deploying them in the cloud. Compared to hypervisor-based virtualization approaches, the use of containers provides faster start-ups times and reduces the consumption of computer resources. However, Docker lacks of deployability verification tool for containers at design time. Currently, the only way to be sure that the designed containers will execute well is to test them in a running system. If errors occur, a correction is made but this operation can be repeated several times before the deployment becomes operational. Docker does not provide a solution to increase or decrease the size of container resources in demand. Besides the deployment of containers, Docker lacks of synchronization between the designed containers and those deployed. Moreover, container management with Docker is done at low level, and therefore requires users to focus on low level system issues. In this paper we focus on these issues related to the management of Docker containers. In particular, we propose an approach for modeling Docker containers. We provide tooling to ensure the deployability and the management of Docker containers. We illustrate our proposal using an event processing application and show how our solution provides a significantly better compromise between performance and development costs than the basic Docker container solution

soCloud : distributed multi-cloud platform for designing, deploying and executing world wide distributed applications

L’informatique multi-nuages s’est imposée comme un paradigme de choix pour créer des applications distribuées à large échelle s’exécutant à des emplacements géographiques répartis. L’informatique multi-nuages consiste en l’utilisation de multiples environnements de nuages indépendants qui ne nécessitent pas d’accord a priori entre les fournisseurs de nuage ou un tiers. Toutefois, ces applications conçues pour un environnement multi-nuages doivent faire face à de véritables défis en terme d’architecture, de modèle et de technologies. L’utilisation de l’informatique multi-nuages se heurte à l’hétérogénéité et à la complexité des offres de nuage. Ainsi, l’informatique multi-nuages doit faire face aux défis de la portabilité, de l’approvisionnement, de l’élasticité et de la haute disponibilité que nous identifions dans cette thèse.Dans ce travail de thèse, nous proposons un modèle d’applications nommé soCloud qui adresse ces quatre défis. C’est un modèle basé sur le standard SCA du consortium OASIS pour concevoir de manière simple et cohérente des applications distribuées à large échelle pour un environnement multi-nuages. Un nouveau langage dédié d’élasticité a été proposé pour exprimer efficacement l’élasticité d’applications multi-nuages par l’abstraction. Nous proposons aussi une plateforme multi-nuages soCloud conçue pour déployer, exécuter et gérer des applications réparties à travers plusieurs nuages. Le modèle d’applications soCloud a été utilisé pour la mise en œuvre de trois applications distribuées déployées dans un environnement multi-nuages. Quant à la plateforme soCloud, elle a été implantée, déployée et expérimentée sur dix nuages.Multi-cloud computing has established itself as a paradigm of choice for creating very large scale world wide distributed applications. Multi-cloud computing is the usage of multiple, independent cloud environments, which assumed no priori agreement between cloud providers or third party. However, these applications, designed for multi-cloud envi-ronments, have to face real challenges in term of design, architecture, and technology. The possibility of using multi-cloud faces the heterogeneity and complexity of cloud solutions.Thus, multi-cloud computing has to face several challenges such as portability, provisioning, elasticity, and high availability we have identified in this thesis. In this thesis, we propose soCloud both amodel and a platformthat tackle these four chal-lenges. This model is based on the OASIS Service Component Architecture (SCA) standard to design distributed large scale applications for multi-cloud environments. Anew language is proposed to effectively express the elasticity of multi-cloud applications through abstrac-tion. The multi-cloud platform is designed to deploy and manage distributed applications across multi-clouds. The soCloud model is illustrated on three distributed applications deployed in multi-cloud environments. The soCloud platform has been implemented, deployed and experi-mented on top of ten existing cloud providers.These experiments are used to validate the novelty of the contributed solutions. With our contributions, we aim to provide a simple and effective way to design, deploy, run, and manage distributed applications for a multi-cloud environment by proposing a model and platform

soCloud : une plateforme multi-nuages distribuée pour la conception, le déploiement et l'exécution d'applications distribuées à large échelle

Multi-cloud computing has established itself as a paradigm of choice for creating very large scale world wide distributed applications. Multi-cloud computing is the usage of multiple, independent cloud environments, which assumed no priori agreement between cloud providers or third party. However, these applications, designed for multi-cloud environments, have to face real challenges in term of design, architecture, and technology. The possibility of using multi-cloud faces the heterogeneity and complexity of cloud solutions. Thus, multi-cloud computing has to face several challenges such as portability, provisioning, elasticity, and high availability we have identified in this thesis. In this thesis, we propose soCloud both a model and a platform that tackle these four challenges. This model is based on the OASIS Service Component Architecture (SCA) standard to design distributed large scale applications for multi-cloud environments. A new language is proposed to effectively express the elasticity of multi-cloud applications through abstraction. The multi-cloud platform is designed to deploy and manage distributed applications across multi-clouds. The soCloud model is illustrated on three distributed applications deployed in multi- cloud environments. The soCloud platform has been implemented, deployed and experimented on top of ten existing cloud providers : Windows Azure, DELL KACE, Amazon EC2, CloudBees, OpenShift, dotCloud, Jelastic, Heroku, Appfog, and an Eucalyptus private cloud. These experiments are used to validate the novelty of the contributed solutions. With our contributions, we aim to provide a simple and effective way to design, deploy, run, and manage distributed applications for a multi-cloud environment by proposing a model and platform.L'informatique multi-nuages s'est imposée comme un paradigme de choix pour créer des applications distribuées à large échelle s'exécutant à des emplacements géographiques ré- partis. L'informatique multi-nuages consiste en l'utilisation de multiples environnements de nuages indépendants qui ne nécessitent pas d'accord a priori entre les fournisseurs de nuage ou un tiers. Toutefois, ces applications conçues pour un environnement multi-nuages doivent faire face à de véritables défis en terme d'architecture, de modèle et de technologies. L'utilisation de l'informatique multi-nuages se heurte à l'hétérogénéité et à la complexité des offres de nuage. Ainsi, l'informatique multi-nuages doit faire face aux défis de la portabilité, de l'approvisionnement, de l'élasticité et de la haute disponibilité que nous identifions dans cette thèse. Dans ce travail de thèse, nous proposons un modèle d'applications nommé soCloud qui adresse ces quatre défis. C'est un modèle basé sur le standard SCA du consortium OASIS pour concevoir de manière simple et cohérente des applications distribuées à large échelle pour un environnement multi-nuages. Un nouveau langage dédié d'élasticité a été proposé pour exprimer efficacement l'élasticité d'applications multi-nuages par l'abstraction. Nous proposons aussi une plateforme multi-nuages soCloud conçue pour déployer, exécuter et gérer des applications réparties à travers plusieurs nuages. Le modèle d'applications soCloud a été utilisé pour la mise en œuvre de trois applications distribuées déployées dans un environnement multi-nuages. Quant à la plateforme soCloud, elle a été implantée, déployée et expérimentée sur dix nuages : Windows Azure, DELL KACE, Amazon EC2, CloudBees, OpenShift, dotCloud, Jelastic, Heroku, Appfog et Eucalyptus. Ces expériences sont utilisées pour valider la nouveauté des solutions approtées. Grâce à notre contribution, nous visons à offrir un moyen simple et efficace pour concevoir, déployer, exécuter et gérer des applications distribuées pour des environnements multi- nuages en proposant un modèle et une plateforme

A Study of Virtual Machine Placement Optimization in Data Centers

International audienceIn recent years, cloud computing has shown a valuable way for accommodating and providing services over the Internet such that data centers rely increasingly on this platform to host a large amount of applications (web hosting, e-commerce, social networking, etc.). Thus, the utilization of servers in most data centers can be improved by adding virtualization and selecting the most suitable host for each Virtual Machine (VM). The problem of VM placement is an optimization problem aiming for multiple goals. It can be covered through various approaches. Each approach aims to simultaneously reduce power consumption, maximize resource utilization and avoid traffic congestion. The main goal of this literature survey is to provide a better understanding of existing approaches and algorithms that ensure better VM placement in the context of cloud computing and to identify future directions